The Termite Industry
Termite Warranties
The termite industry offers two main types of warranties: full-structure and area-treated warranties.
Full-Structure Warranties
A full-structure warranty typically includes annual inspections and localized treatments as needed. However, fumigation is only covered if the customer initially fumigated and the treatment failed. Otherwise, the warranty operates on a best-effort basis, meaning the company will spot-treat visible infestations. If termites originate from an inaccessible area, the customer would need to pay for fumigation.
Full-structure warranties are specific to either drywood or subterranean termites—one does not cover the other—because the treatment methods differ significantly. A full-structure warranty generally requires a more comprehensive initial treatment than simple spot treatments. Examples include:
- Drywood Termites: Localized treatments combined with borate applications in attics, crawl spaces, or garages; local treatments supplemented with attic heating.
- Subterranean Termites: A full-perimeter subterranean termite treatment.
The duration of a full-structure warranty typically ranges from one to three years:
- One-Year Warranty: Offered by larger companies, sometimes extendable to a second year if paid upfront.
- Two-Year Warranty: Common among mid-sized companies specializing in fumigation alternatives, as some hidden infestations may become visible within this timeframe. Including a two-year warranty helps maintain customer satisfaction.
- Three-Year Warranty: Occasionally provided with fumigation, but the customer must schedule follow-up inspections. If the fumigation was effective, no new termite activity should appear within three years.
Area-Treated Warranties
If a customer opts for spot treatment only, most companies will warranty the treated areas for one year. Since the chemicals used in spot treatments remain effective for multiple years, those treated areas should remain protected. However, new infestations may appear in untreated areas, requiring additional spot treatments at the customer’s expense.
Warranty Renewals
Most warranties can be renewed annually for a fee. If a customer chooses not to fumigate, maintaining a full-structure warranty is highly recommended. Termites are a constant threat, and proactive homeowners budget for the ongoing cost of termite protection to avoid larger infestations down the road.
Wooden Fences
Wooden fences are generally not covered under a full-structure drywood or subterranean termite warranty. Most termite reports include language such as, “Detached wood fences were not inspected and are excluded from this report.” Gates or gate brackets attached to a house are covered under a full-structure warranty.
However, fences, especially unpainted ones, are highly susceptible to termite infestation and damage. If left untreated, termite activity in wooden fencing can spread to nearby homes. Many companies do not treat fencing. While detached fencing is not included in our standard warranties, California Termite offers treatment options for a fee.
Annual Termite Inspections
Annual inspections are a critical part of maintaining a full-structure termite warranty. A thorough inspection ensures early detection of termite activity, helping prevent costly wood damage and reducing the likelihood of extensive treatments like fumigation.
A qualified termite inspector should take the time to carefully examine all areas where termites are likely to be found. This includes the attic, crawlspace (if your home is raised), and any exposed wood throughout the property. If your garage has exposed wood, the inspector should check the rafters. Other key areas include wooden shutters, spaces behind the washer and dryer, wooden mantels, ceiling beams, and eave wood on both the first and upper stories. The inspector should also review past reports to stay familiar with your home’s history.
For an average-sized home (1,500–3,000 square feet), the inspection should take at least an hour. If you feel your inspector is rushing or not being thorough, don’t hesitate to voice your concerns. If they dismiss your request, consider asking your termite company to send a different inspector for a more detailed reinspection.
Escrow Inspections
In a real estate transaction or a Veterans Administration (VA) refinancing, an escrow inspection—including a Wood Destroying Organism (WDO) report—is typically required by lenders, though not mandated by the state of California. This inspection helps identify potential structural risks related to termites and other wood-destroying organisms before the property changes hands.
Findings in an Escrow Inspection
A WDO report includes two categories of findings: primary and secondary, if applicable.
- Primary Findings: These include any active infestations of termites or other wood-destroying organisms, fungal infections, and any damage caused by these issues.
- Secondary Findings: These refer to conditions that could contribute to future infestations or infections, along with potential resulting damage. Examples include:
- Earth-to-wood contact
- Excess moisture
- Faulty grades (improper ground slope)
- Cellulose debris (wood scraps, paper, or other organic materials that attract termites)
The inspector documents these findings on a detailed diagram of the property, which is included in the report.
Treatment and Repair Recommendations
Along with the findings, the WDO report outlines the inspection company’s recommended treatments and repairs, along with associated costs. This helps buyers, sellers, and lenders understand what actions may be needed to protect the home from termite and moisture-related damage.
Inaccessible Areas
The report also specifies areas that were not accessible during the inspection and the reasons why. Examples of inaccessible areas include:
- Eaves blocked by dense vegetation
- Crawl spaces too small to enter
- Garages cluttered with belongings
- Wooden flooring covered with carpeting
In cases where significant areas were inaccessible, the inspector may recommend further inspection once access is available.
Repair and Treatment Requirements for Escrow
While California law does not require that treatments or repairs be completed before a property sale, most lenders do require them before the close of escrow. Once the necessary treatments and repairs are performed, the company that conducted them will issue a completion report and clearance for the buyer to present to their lender.
Termite Inspectors:
Licensed as Field Representatives by the California Structural Pest Control Board, Termite Inspectors are the salesforce of the industry. Their responsibilities include conducting inspections, diagnosing a variety of insect issues, and recommending and selling effective treatment solutions. Beyond sales, they also execute treatments, prepare and file termite inspection reports, and collaborate with termite technicians and fumigators to ensure the successful completion of treatments.
Termite Inspectors serve as the frontline of customer interactions in the termite industry. They address concerns directly with clients, ensuring satisfaction and resolving issues before they escalate to management or result in negative online reviews.
Top-level Termite Inspectors, with their expertise and ability to drive revenue, are among the highest earners in the industry, reflecting the critical role they play in its success.
Chalk Marks:
During a termite inspection, inspectors use chalk to mark areas of termite infestation and fungus infection inside and around a home. These markings primarily serve as a guide for termite technicians, ensuring they know exactly where to treat. In enclosed areas like attics, garages, and crawl spaces, chalk marks also create a historical record of termite activity and past treatments.
If your home has been inspected for termites, you might notice chalk markings in certain areas. If you enter your attic, for example, and see a K with an arrow pointing down, it likely indicates a pile of drywood termite droppings beneath it. If the arrow points up, it’s marking a section of framing suspected to be infested. A circle on a piece of framing usually highlights a drywood termite kickout hole, the small opening where termites push out their droppings.
Why K? It’s short for Kalotermitidae, the Latin name for drywood termites.
In your crawl space, if you find an S, it signifies subterranean termites. Though their Latin name is Rhinotermitidae, for some reason, inspectors use S instead of R.
Chalk Marks as a Sign of a Thorough Inspection
If you notice a company name and a date in a hard-to-reach area—like the far end of an attic, crawl space, or high in garage rafters—that’s a sign the inspector thoroughly checked those areas. Not all companies do this, but those that do are holding themselves to a high standard by ensuring complete inspections.
Understanding Dates and Treatment Indicators
Dates are important. If you see a K 23, it means drywood termites were found sometime in 2023. If your home was treated after that or is under warranty, any termite evidence from that time is likely considered inactive.
Around the perimeter of your home, a chalk line on a board indicates that the technician should treat that area. An arrow pointing up often means termite activity was found in second-story eaves. These chalk markings, along with the inspector’s graph, help the technician know exactly where to focus their treatment.
If multiple termite companies inspect your home and make chalk markings, it’s in your best interest to leave them in place. This ensures you receive a thorough and effective termite treatment, as each inspector’s notes contribute to a complete picture of the problem.
Termite Technicians:
Also known as Applicators, Termite Techs play a vital role in the structural pest control field. To perform their duties, they must hold a Branch 3 Applicator’s license issued by the California Structural Pest Control Board. Achieving this license requires passing a rigorous exam and fulfilling ongoing training requirements every three years to maintain certification.
Termite Techs are the backbone of the industry. Their work takes them to the most challenging and uncomfortable places: crawling through scorching hot attics, while wearing coveralls and respirators, to complete local and borate treatments, navigating dark and confined crawlspaces, and scaling ladders to reach second and third-story eaves—all while balancing spray cans, drills, and caulk. They often go the extra mile, spotting and addressing termite activity that may have been overlooked by inspectors, ensuring the integrity of treatments and the company’s reputation.
Termite Techs are responsible for mixing and handling hazardous chemicals with care. They must understand precise mix ratios and follow established protocols to perform various treatments effectively and safely.
The impact of a Termite Tech cannot be overstated. Their dedication and attention to detail can elevate a company’s standing, but the job leaves little room for shortcuts. Skipping hard-to-reach sections, neglecting to mask termite droppings, or failing to perform thorough treatments can compromise the work’s quality. A skilled Termite Tech is worth their weight in gold, yet they remain among the industry’s most undervalued professionals.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
In the pest control industry, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is essential for safeguarding workers from both acute and long-term health risks.
For termite inspectors, PPE includes:
- Work gloves – Prevent splinters when handling wood framing.
- Knee pads – Provide protection while crawling through attics, garages, and crawlspaces.
- N95 masks – Shield lungs from dust in confined spaces.
- Bump caps – Prevent head injuries from exposed nails in attics.
- Flashlights and headlamps – Ensure visibility in dark areas.
For termite technicians, PPE includes everything above, plus:
- Respirators – Required when applying chemicals in enclosed spaces.
- Safety glasses – Protect eyes from exposure to termiticides.
- Nitrile gloves – Protect skin from exposure to termiticides.
- Long sleeves and pants – Provide additional skin protection.
Pesticide and termiticide labels specify the necessary PPE for safe application, whether indoors or outdoors. Additionally, PPE must be stored separately from chemical containers to prevent contamination.
The B&G Compressed Air Sprayer
Invented in 1949 by two Purdue University engineers, Bill Brehm and George Gilmore, the B&G compressed air sprayer has become an indispensable tool in the pest control industry. Revered for its durability, reliability, and precision, it has set the benchmark for professional-grade equipment.
Unlike many tools that wear out after a few years, the B&G sprayer is built to last a lifetime. Its stainless steel tank resists corrosion, while its brass hardware ensures durability and precision even under heavy use. It’s no surprise that many pest control professionals rely on the same sprayer throughout their entire careers.
Owning a B&G sprayer is an investment. A one-gallon sprayer costs just under $400, and the accessories aren’t cheap either. A termite application tip alone is over $30, with an additional $7 for the required connecting device. But this steep price reflects its unmatched quality. With proper care, the B&G sprayer not only pays for itself over time but also ensures consistent, professional results.
Pest control often requires meticulous application, whether targeting termites in wall voids or ants along baseboards. The B&G sprayer’s design allows for highly controlled, even distribution of pesticides, minimizing waste and maximizing efficacy. Its versatility makes it suitable for indoor and outdoor use, ensuring professionals can tackle any pest issue with confidence.
While there are cheaper sprayers on the market, they lack the longevity and reliability of the B&G. Disposable or poorly built sprayers can fail at the most inopportune moments, potentially costing technicians more in downtime and replacements than a quality tool like the B&G. For pest control professionals, the sprayer is a partner in their work, and its performance directly impacts their ability to deliver excellent service.
“The Label is the Law”
This is the guiding principle of the pest and termite control industry. Simply put, the instructions and regulations outlined on a pesticide label are legally binding. An insecticide product label is considered a legal document, and compliance with its contents is mandatory.
A pesticide label includes critical information such as:
- Product name
- Manufacturer name and address
- Net contents
- EPA registration and establishment numbers
- Ingredients
- Pounds-per-gallon statement
- Child hazard warning
- Signal word (e.g., “Danger,” “Warning”)
- Statement of practical treatment (first aid)
- Referral statement
- Precautionary statement
- Hazards to humans or domestic animals
- Environmental hazards
- Physical or chemical hazards
- Statement of pesticide classification
- Misuse statement
- Reentry statement (how long to wait before entering a treated area)
- Storage and disposal instructions
- Directions for use
The Directions for Use section is especially critical. It specifies:
- The types of pests the product is designed to control
- How the product should be applied
- The appropriate application equipment
- The mix ratio
- Compatibility with other products
- Where and when the product can be used
For termite techs and pest control applicators, the label is the ultimate authority. If an Agriculture Official inquires about a termiticide or pesticide, the correct answer will always be found on the label.
The California Structural Pest Control Board (SPCB)
The SPCB is a regulatory body under the California Department of Consumer Affairs. The Board consists of seven members, three from the public and four from inside the pest control industry. It oversees the structural pest control industry in California to protect public health, safety, and welfare.
Key responsibilities:
1. Licensing and Certification
- Registers qualified pest control companies and issues licenses to Operators, Field Representatives, and Applicators.
- Ensures licensees meet education, experience, and examination requirements.
2. Regulatory Oversight
- Enforces laws and regulations related to structural pest control, including the use of pesticides.
- Conducts inspections and investigations into complaints against licensed professionals and companies.
3. Consumer Protection
- Provides resources and information to help consumers make informed decisions about pest control services.
- Handles consumer complaints regarding pest control services or practices.
4. Education and Outreach
- Promotes awareness of best practices in pest control and pesticide safety.
- Keeps licensees updated on regulatory changes and industry standards.
5. Disciplinary Actions
- Investigates violations of pest control laws and imposes disciplinary measures as necessary, including fines, suspensions, or license revocations.
The California Structural Pest Control Board (SPCB) Branch System
The SPCB oversees the regulation of the pest control industry in California, organizing it into three distinct branches based on specialization:
Branch One: Fumigation
This branch covers fumigation services. Business Owners, Managers, and Field Representatives working in this area must obtain a Branch One license from the SPCB to operate legally.
Branch Two: General Pest Control
This branch involves the management of general pests. Individuals such as Business Owners, Managers, Field representatives, Salespeople, Inspectors, and Technicians must hold a Branch Two license to diagnose, recommend, or administer pest control solutions effectively and to be within regulatory compliance.
Branch Three: Wood-Destroying Organisms
This branch focuses on controlling wood-destroying pests, including termites, fungus, beetles, ants, and bees. Business Owners, Managers, Inspectors, Salespeople, and Termite Technicians must obtain a Branch Three license to conduct activities in this specialized field.
Wood Destroying Organism (WDO) Reports
According to the State of California Department of Consumer Affairs Structural Pest Control Act, a Wood Destroying Organism (WDO) report, commonly referred to as a termite report, must be written and provided to the person who requested the termite inspection within 10 business days of the inspection. A filing fee of $4 per report is assessed. Failure of a registered termite company to report and file with the Board could result in a fine of $2,500.
Reports must be submitted before any work can be completed. Termite reports must be retained by the termite company for a period of three years.
All reports must include:
- A General Description of the Property:
- The report must include basic details about the property being inspected.
- The Person Requesting the Inspection:
- The name of the individual or entity that requested the inspection must be clearly stated.
- Findings and Recommendations:
- All observed findings related to wood-destroying organisms or conditions conducive to infestations must be documented.
- Recommendations for corrective measures must also be included.
- A Diagram of the Property:
- The diagram must indicate the approximate location of any areas infested or infected.
- Inaccessible Areas:
- The report should identify areas that were inaccessible during the inspection and explain why they could not be inspected.
- Conditions Likely to Lead to Infestations or Infections:
- Any conditions that could potentially lead to future infestations or infections must be noted.
- Roof Surface Inspection:
- The report must indicate whether or not the exterior surface of the roof was inspected.
Exceptions
If a customer is under warranty and a subsequent inspection is completed with no new findings, then a new report is not required.
County of San Diego Agriculture, Weights and Measures (AWM)
The AWM serves to protect and promote agriculture, ensure consumer protection, and safeguard public health and the environment. The AWM plays a significant role in pest control by focusing on the following areas:
1. Pest Exclusion
- Preventing Entry of Harmful Pests: Inspects incoming shipments of plants and goods to prevent invasive pests from entering San Diego County.
- Quarantine Enforcement: Implements quarantines when necessary to stop the spread of pests like the Mediterranean fruit fly or other invasive species.
2. Pest Detection
- Monitoring Pest Populations: Uses traps and surveys to detect harmful pests, such as:
- Glassy-winged sharpshooters
- Asian citrus psyllids
- Exotic fruit flies
- Early Detection Programs: Identifies pest infestations early to prevent widespread damage to agriculture and natural resources.
3. Pesticide Regulation
- Pesticide Use Enforcement: Regulates the proper use of pesticides to ensure public safety and environmental protection.
- Licensing and Permits: Issues permits for pesticide use and ensures compliance with local, state, and federal laws.
- Inspections and Investigations: Conducts inspections of pest control companies, pesticide applicators, and agricultural operations to verify adherence to safety protocols.
4. Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
- Promoting Sustainable Practices: Encourages the use of environmentally friendly pest control methods, reducing reliance on chemical pesticides.
- Public Education: Offers resources and training on sustainable pest management practices for residents, farmers, and businesses.
5. Invasive Pest Management
- Eradication Programs: Leads efforts to eliminate infestations of invasive pests that threaten local agriculture or ecosystems.
- Collaboration with State and Federal Agencies: Works with entities like the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) and USDA for pest eradication projects.
6. Consumer and Industry Support
- Consultation Services: Provides advice to homeowners, pest control companies, and farmers on managing pest issues effectively.
- Training and Certification: Offers training and certification programs for pest control professionals to meet legal and safety requirements.